Air-compressor, &amp;c.



I. PATRICK. AIR oomrmisson, 6w. APPLICATION FILED 1(AB.2, 1908.

Patented'Nov. 17,1908,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR.

BY 6 d E Arrokfib ys I. PATRICK. AIR COMPRESSOR, 6w. JAPPLIOATION FILED MAB. 2, 190a.

Patented Nov. 17, 1908 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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I. PATRICK. AIR COMPRESSOR, 6:0. APPLICATION IILED MAB. 2, 1908. v

Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

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' A TTORNE Y8 I. PATRICK. AIR COMPRESSOR, h. APPLICATION mum in. 2, 190a.

- 904,21 9. Patented Nov; 17, 1908.

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my 12. Fiyld W/ TNESSES 4 XI Q N WE Y3 I. PATRICK. AIR COMPRESSOR, (h. APILIOA'I'IOH FILED 3.2, 1908.

904,21 9. Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

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ISA-AC PATRICK, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

AIR-COMPRESSOR, 860.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that l, lsvvo PATRICK, a subject of the King of England, and av resident I of New York,- borough of Brooklyn, county for; Kings,

vented certain new in Air-Coin )ressors, &c., lowing is a all, clear, and exact description.

and State of New York, have inand useful Improvements of which the fol- This invention relates more particularly to a high speed rotary an compressor which is adapted also for use as a steam' engine,

all of the working -ci'ent means forcoo vacuum or other pump.

The primary object of the invention is to provide simple and etlicient means in which a pro er reciprocatory motion is imparted to the 1stons; to provide means for reducing the ridt-ion due to the centrifugal or other orces that may act upon the mechanism; to

rovide simple means whereby each piston is independent of the other pistons; to so arrangethejparts that they will be properly balanced in order that a very high speed may be obtained with the advantages resulting therefrom; to provide proper lubrication for arts; and to provide eiiiing the working parts of the'mechanism when used as a compressor or Ot er objects of the invention are to so construct the parts that. they are easy of access and that the internal mechanism may be reached without disturbing any of the workingpparts or pipe connections; to provide agalnstthe use of screws or small parts in the internal mechanism of the machine which are likely to work loose; to provide against any but an axial strain on the pistons; and to increase the cfliciency by simple means whereby a perfect circulation 0 water or other cooling medium is obtained to keep the working parts and valve cool.

i k-further object of the invention is to provides. simple and efiicient machine which is adapted without. any substantial change to be used either as an air compressor, steam 'en ine, vacuum or other pump.

Vith these and other objects in view, the

invention will be hereinafter more particularly described with reference to the accom- "chine embodying my invention. Fi 9 panying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and will then be pointed out in t 1e claims at the end of the description.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly in section, of one' form of runis a longitudinal section taken on a lin c IIII Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed March 2,1908. Serial No. 418,742.

Patented Nov. :17, 1908.

of Fi 1. Fig. 3. is a detail elevation of the cylinder frame or casing. Fig. 4. is a sectional plan view, partly m elevation, the section being taken partly on the line IV-IV and partly on the line IVIV of Fig. 3. Fig. 5- is a detail elevation ofthe sleeve which fits within the shaft, showing how the water or other cooling medium is caused to pass around the valve to the jacketed cylin-- ders to keep the same cool. Fig. 6. is a vertical section taken on the line VIVI of Fig. 13. Fig. 7. is a section taken on either of the lines Il-- VII of Fig. 5. Figs. 8 and 9 are side and end elevations, respectively, of the links which operate the pistons. Figs. 10 and 11 are end and side elevations, res eet-ively, of the pin which fits into one en 0 each link. F 12 and 13 are end and side 'elevations, respectively, of the friction rolls arranged on the pin shown in Figs. 10 and 11. Fig. 14. is a detail elevation of the cam which imparts movement to the pistons. Fig. 15. is a vertical section taken on a line XV-XV of Fig. 14. Fig. 113 is a detail side elevation of the valve which may be used when the machine is employed as a coin pressor. Fig. 17. is an end view of the valve shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 18. is a vertical sec: tion, partly in elevation, of a valve somewhat similar to that shown in Figs. 16 and 17 but more particularly adapted for use when the machine operating as a steam engine. Fig. 19. is an end elevation of the valve shown in Fig. 18. Fig. 20. is a trans verse section taken on a line XX-XX of Fig. 18; and Fig. 21. is a transverse section taken on a line XXI-XXT of Fig. 18.

While I show my invention as of a par ticular construction inwhich the parts are made in a certain way, it is to be understood that the parts may be variously constructed and the invention employed in any connection for which it may be used, and that where I employ the words machine or engine they are intended to be used in their broadest sense to include either a 'coin-.

prcssor, a pumping engine of any character means'ot bolts 13 "which stantially rectangular in form and are, at

described.

basemember 11 and a cap-member 12 which is removably held to the base-member by pass through lugs or parts ll of the casing atthe frontand roar thereof, and also at the sides,,the latter lugs being broken oil. Annular cam members 15 and 15 are secured to each face of the casing 10 by means of bolts 16, and these members are each provided with a part or extension 1G which may be formed integral with the member, and such extensions form bearings and support the main shaft 17. The shaft 17 is journaled at one end in a sleeve or bushing 18 and at its other end in a sleeve or bushing 19, wlnch'are held in the members 15 and 15 so as to provide a proper bearing and wearing surface for the shaft 17. The shaft 17 has an enlarged part 20 and to this enlarged part is secured the cylinder casing 21. As shown the cylinder casing 21 is provided with four radially arranged and integral cylinders 22, though this number may-vary, and such cylinders have their ends open and move with the shaft 17 as the latter rotatesyand in each cylinder adapted to move a piston 23. Each piston 23 may be hollow and is provided with suitable packing rings 24: ator near its inner end and .is provided with a tapering extended portion 25 which is adapted to enter a similarly formed opening in the end of the cylinder and shaft 17 for a purpose to be presently The pistons are provided with a'transverse boss or sleeve 26 andin this sleeve isheld a tubular shaft or wrist-pm 27, the

outer ends of which are held in openings in the end of linksQS by means of pins 28* or otherwise. These links 28.may be hf any suitable form and are preferably .sub-

ranged to slide in slots 29 in the cylinder casing 21. The slots 29 are T-shaped in cross section and are radially arranged so as to permit the'boss 30 on the inner end of each link 28 to move radially, and each link at its inner-"end is provided with a stud onthe end of which may be arrangeda friction roll 31 These rells are adapted to travel in a cam way or groove of the cam members 15 and 15, and these cam members are eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of the shaft 17 and form fixed cams with respect 1 to said shaft, the said cam grooves being arranged in the members 15 and 15 between the integral and annular flanges and 34;, though such flanges may be attached to thememberslfi and 15 or otherwise arranged as desired. A ring 35 of steel, or other metal, is held within the outer annular flange 34: of each cam member so as to takethe wear and strain of the rolls 31, forces the cylinders rotate with the pistons, the centrifugal force will be such as to keep the rolls in contact with the rings in such ders thereof. T he a way that the friction is materially reduced. is will be seen when the shaft ji7.and cylin der casing is rotated in the rolls in traveling in the cam grooves will impart reciprocatory movement to each of the pistons, and that said pistons in this way are entirely independent of each other and any; preferred way, v

may be so arranged that they 'will balance .each other during the rotary movement so that a high speed without much vibration maybe obtained.

The end 20 of the shaft is provided with I a central and longitudinally-extending re cess or opening, and forced intothe opening H1 531d shaft 1s a tubular bushmgor-sleeve- 36 of brass, bronze or other-'metal so as to rotate with said shaft and within sa-id'fsle'eve or bushing 36 is arranged a-valve-3-T.T..--This valve 37 may be of any suitable form. r As shown it is provided at its. outer-end witha flange 38, and this flange is-securel-y' held to the member 175'" by: means ofbolts1"39 or -the cylinders are adapted to successively communicate during their rotary. movement,

and extending lengthwise of the valve'is" an exhaust or discharge 4.5. This discharge-is arranged to one side .of' the chamber 43 an'd i.

comprises a chamber'fi and a-pipe' 4 7Jandzin the chamber 46 is a port'48.1" This port--48 is so positioned with respect to the openingAd of the intake, the cylinders andflthe pistons in said cylinders, that the pistons will have the proper degree "of movement to creates certain degree of. vacuum' within the eylinf before the said cylinders register'withthe intake, so that the-air will'rush with 0011- siderable force into the cylinderswhenthe cylinders register with the --op ening 44:, thereby'increasing the volume of-air'which' will fill the cylinders and also assist in the movement of the pistons and;theout stroke' the desired pressure'or compression" of the air is obtained before the a'iris permitted to pass into the discharge ehamberand through thefpipe 47, the sizeand position-of the port determining the extent to which the air is tobe compressed. Byftaj ieringthei inner end of each piston as shown," all the air will be forced from the-'cylinder-as the said tapering end will enter the openingin the" part 20 of the shaft'1'7 and an-openings?) in the sleeve or bushing whichin the shaft. 17 and registers with the .open'ing 'in said shaft and while thetapering 'porti n's port 48 is positioned-so that of the pistons-Ware shown its-elongated they may be round" so that they may be easily turned as the pistons are made in case it is desired to do so.

-- ing will make a substantially T0 cool the various parts when the invention is employed as a com res'sor, I provide an inlet 0 )ening 50 in the caring 16 of the casing ant to this opening may be connected :1 water supply-pipe or other means through which water or liquid may pass. and said opening 50 communicates with an annular channel orchamber 51 arranged in the inner part or surface of the bushing 52, and communicating withthe. channel 51 is an opening 53 which commimicates with a longitudinally cxtending opening or channel in the shaft 17 so that the said channel 54 and'open- L-shaped opening which registers with the channel 51 no matter what position the shaft may be in.

The ends of the bushing 52 are beveled and around the shaft is a gland or stalling-box 55 the flanges of which are held to a flange 57 on thebearing 1W by means of the studs and nuts 58 so that on tightening the said nuts the gland orstnfling-b'ox will press the packing 5t) and 59" in close contact with the shaft 17 and prevent leakage of the cooling medium. lhe opening or channel 54 terminates in a recess or spacetlO between the head of the tubular sleeve or bushing 36 and the shaft, and said sleeve is provided with an annular channel 60 which communicates with the space 0 by means of longitudinallycxtending grooves or spaces (ll located between the ribs or enlarged portions '62 of said sleeve as shown best in Figs. 5 to 7..

The water passes along the grooves or channel ()1 to the annular spaces or chambers (33 and from theretbrongh one or more openings I-larrangcd in the shaft 17 and the cylinder casing so that the entire space around the valve will have water circulating around the same in order to keep the valve cool, as it is at this point where the greatest heat is developed, owing to the compression of the air, so that greater eliiciency is obtained by preventing the air from expanding atthis point. The channel (34 communicates with the water jacket of one of the cylinders,

ders are adapted to communicate with each other.

As shown best in Figs. 2 to 4: the jacket 5 of each cylinder is rectangular and the spaces (36 between the cylinder proper and the acket is of SllfllClOIltarea to hold the nee cs'sary amount of water for cooling purposes, and said spaces are interposed between the guides in which the lmks slide so that the water will keep the guides, as well as the cylinders cool and will therebycool the links also. As the water circulates around the cylinders and from. one to the other it passes and each cylinder has its own' all the cylm-- from the last cylinderthrough a channel .67, Fig. 2, to an opening or channel 68 in the shaft 17 and thisopening (SS-has a transverse opening 69 which communicates" with an annular channel 70 in the bnshing52 so that as the shaft rotates the said opening 68 is always in communication with said annular channel. An opening 71 in the'bearing in conunuuicates with the channel '70 so that the water or other medium will-have a complete and thorough circulation and will come in contact with practically all the moving parts of the machine to keep them'cool. The casing 10 is normally closed and in the case 11 thereof may be provided with a quantity ofoil or other lubricant so that. the cylinder casing and parts connected .therewith may rotate in the lubricant. As the casing rotate the pistons will be forced out ward into the lubricant and will collect a sullicicnt quantity thereof to keep the cylindcrs properly lubricated and the same result will be produced by the lubricant being. forced into the openings 73 in the stationary cams and into the cams grooves 32. Some lubricant also will be forced or carried into the spaces between thesleeve 36 and the valve 37 thus automatically and properly oiling all the working parts.

The shaft 17 with the parts connected therewith may be rotated in any desired way, and may be coupled direct with a motor of any suitable make or-may be rotated by means of a pulley securcdthereto. As

will be seen when the shaft is rotated the cylinder casing and cylinders will be rotated with said shaft. and during the rotation thereof the pistons will'be reciprocated in the cylinders by reason of tho'rolls of the links 27 traveling in the cam grooves of the stationary. cams. On the outward move ment of the pistons the air' from the chamber 43 of the valve will be .drawn' therein through the inlet 42, and on the inward n'tovemcnt. of the piston the air will be compressed and will be forced into and p out through the smaller or discharge opening 46 and, discharge pipe '47. the position of the ports in the valve being such'that a )artiial vacuum will be created in each cylin er for a part of the stroke for each piston before the air is permitted-to rush into said cylinder. and the exhaustportis positioned sothat the desired degree of compression is obtained before the discharge takes place.

The invention is not only applicable as a ports somewhat in the stationary valve sothat the valve in connection with the pistons and cylinders will perform their required functions.

In Figs. 18' to the alve"l't herein vis shown is more particularly adapted when the invention iszemployed as asteam engine, though it may be also 'usedwhen the invention'is employed as a compressor or for other purposes; Here the valve casing 7-1 has an inlet'port- '75 and to prevent leakage as in the other figures, but the ports are somewhat differently arranged to adapt it as a steam engine. In this case the pipe 77 is the inlet for the steam and the discharge or exhaust is throughithe chamber 78 so that the steam will enter through said pipe? 7 and by means of theports enter the cylinders at the proper timeto impart motion to the pistons and thus rotate the cylinders and shaft. The casing isprovided with a threaded part 79 on which are the nuts 80 which are adapted to hold .the yoke or flange 81 between the same and a fixed or stationary chamber 82 forming'the exhaust for the engine. The chamber 82 provides an annular space around the valve casing and has an exhaust opening 83, andfin the valve casing are one or more openings 84 which communicate with said chamber, the yoke or flange 81 being .fas

tened to the casing in a manner similar to the yoke or flange 38, and to said flange is fixed-the casing 82. To the casing 82 is secured a ring or flange 85 in which are a series of openings 86, and held to the valve casing. adjacent to the ring85 is another ring orsleve 87. This ring 87 is split and is adaptedlto be clamped to the end of the valvcasing, so that said casingmay be given'a partial rotary movement to shift the position of the inlet and exhaust ports. A handle 88 is provided with a rod 89, and this rod is held,'by meansof a collar 90, to a bosson' the sleeve 87 so that it may rotate therein, and on said rod is an eccentric 91 around which is an eccentric ring or strap 92 carrying a pin 93. It will be seen that as the handle is rotated the eccentric 91 will withdrawthep'in from the opening 86 so that the handle, sleeve and valve may be moved to different position. so that the position of the portswith respect to the cylinders maybe changed when it is deslred to cause. the engine to move in a reverse direction When the machine is employed as a steam engine the steam enters the inlet pipe 7 7 and passesfto the cylinder that comniunicates with the inlet port and acts to drive the piston outward in said cylinder, the links and the rolls thereon being so positioned that they "will ride ,'on the incline of the cam grooves due to the curvature thereof, thereby causing-the pistons to reciprocate and the cylinders to rotate. As the cylinders rotate and the pistons reach their extreme throw thesteam will thenbe exhausted through the chamber 78 and exhaust opening 83.

a discharge port 76 and s provided with sultable packing rings The inlet and exhaust chambers of the was is valve may be changed at will according to the use to" which it is put. It'willbe seen that the construction of the valve and the means shown in Figs. 18 to .21 may be'used when the machine is employed as an engine, compressor or for other purposes and even though the rotary feature forms'a part of necessary.

It will be further seen that the means provided whereby water may' be caused to circulate around the working parts to keep them cool, when the invention is employed as an air compressor, that the same means employed for cooling may be utilized to super heat the steam. when the invention is employed as a steam engine.

From the foregoing it will be seen that simple and eflicient means are provided whereby a machine may be used'either as an air compressor, steam engine or'for other purposes; that proper reciprocatory motion is imparted to the pistons; that the friction due to centrifugal or other forces may be reduced and each piston made entirely indeconstructed that they will not easily get out of order andv are readily accessiblein case of repairs without disturbing other working parts; that means are provided whereby'all is employed as an air compressor or may be utilized to superheat the steam when employed as a steam engine; and that the parts are so constructed that a very high speed may be obtained without unnecessary vibration of the parts.

Having thus v described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of a plurality of radially disposed cvlinders ranged slots, a valve having inlet and discharge openings adap'ted to communicate with said cylinders, pistons movably held in said cylinders, stationary cams having annular grooves eccentrically arranged with respect to the shaft and located on opposite sides of the cylinders, links movable in .the slots of the cylinder casing and connected at thereof, and means carried by the inner end of the linksand adapted to move in the cam grooves.

2. Thecombination with a rotary shaft, of a casing having four radially disposed cylinders rotatably held to said shaftand provided with radially arranged slots, a valve having inlet and discharge openings adapted to communicate with said cylinders, pistons movably held in said cylinders, cams having annular grooves eccentrically arranged with sides of the cylinders,

the machine it need not be used except when pendent of the others; that the parts are so the parts may be'cooled when the invention 1. The combination with a rotary shaft,

one end to each piston on opposite sides respect to the shaft and located on opposite links movable in theheld to said shaft provided with radially arslots of the cylinder casing and connected at one end to each piston on opposite sides thereof, and means carried by the inner end of the and adapted to move in the cam ooves'. p

3.. The combination with a rotary shaft, of a casing having a plurality of radially disposed cy-li nders shaft and each provided with radially disposed and si'ibstantially T-shaped slots, a valve having inlet and discharge openings adapted to communicate with said cylinders, pistons movably held in said cylinders, stationary cams having annular grooves eccentrieallyarranged with'respect to the shaft and located on opposite sides of the cylinders, links movable in the slots of the cylinders connected at one end to each piston on opposite sides thereof, and means carried by the inner end of the links and adapted to move in the cam grooves whereby a reciprocatory movement is imparted to each piston independent of the other as the cylinders rotate. I

4. The eombination with a casing having bearings thereon, of a shaft rotatably held in said bearings and provided with an enlarged part in which is a recess or opening, a bushing fitting in said open end of the shaft, a valve having inlet and discharge openings, means for holding the valve stationary, a plurality of cylinders fixed to the stationary, a plurality of cylinders fixed to shaft and rotating therewith and adapted to communicate with the inlet and discharge 0 nings-of the valve, hollow pistons mova ly held in said cylinders, and means for operating each piston independently of the others,

5. The combination with a casing having bearings thereon, of a shaft rotatably held in said bearings and provided with a central and longitudinally-extending recess or opening at one end, a bushing fitting said opening of the shaft, a valve having inlet and discharge openings, means for holding the valve the shaft androtating therewith and adapted to communicate with the inlet and discharge openings of the valve, pistons movably held in said cylinders, and means for operating each piston independently of the others.

6. The combination with a hollowinclosing easing having a base member and a cap member detachably connected together, of cam members secured to the casing between .the cap member and base member on oppd site sides thereof, said cam members having bearings projecting outward therefrom, a shaft rotatably held. in said casing, a cylinder casing having aplurality of cylinders secured to said shaft and rotatable therewith, pistons arranged in the cylinders, and

,means operated by the cam members for reciprocating the pistons.

rotatably held to said .1

7. The combination with a casing having a base member and a cap member detachably connected therewith, of cam members 89- cured to the casing between the capmember and base member on opposite sides thereof, a shaft rotatably held in said casing, a plurality of cylinders rotatable with said shaft, iis'tons arranged in the cylinders, and means operated by the cam members for reclprocat in g the pistons.

8. The combination with a casing having a base member and a cap member detacha ly connected therewith, of cam members secured to the casing between the cap member and base member on opposite sides thereof, and forming with said base and 'cap member a hollow inclosing casing, said cam members having bearings pro ectin'g outward therefrom, a shaft rotatably held in said casing, a cylinder easing having a plurality of radially disposed cylinders secured :to said shaft and rotatable the'rewitl1,-pistons arranged in the cylinders, and links operated by the cam members for reciprocating the pistons.

9. The combination with a plurality of rotary cylinders, of a reciprocatory piston held in each of said cylinders, means for reciprocating the pistons as the cylinders ro- 'tate, to rotate with the cylinders, a bushing fitting within the open end of the shaft, a stationary valve having inlet and discharge chambers arranged in the bushing and provided with inlet and discharge ports adapted to con'nnunicate with the cylinders, said tube being provided with annular chambers 'and with grooves lengthwise thereof forming a con'uulmication between said annular chambers, and means whereby water may be supplied to and made to circulate around said tube 'to keep the latter cool.

10. The (-oml'nn'ation with a. plurality of rotary cylinders, of a reciproeatory plston held in each of said cylinders, means for reciprocating the pistons indep el'idently of each other, a shaft having an open end and held to rotate with the cylinders, a bushing fitting within the open end of the shaft, a valve having inlet and discharge chambers arranged in the bushing and provided with inlet and discharge ports adapted to communicate with the cylinders, said tube being provided with annular chambers and with grooves lengthwise thereof forming a communication between said annular chambers, and means whereby a medium may be supplied to and made to circulate around said tube.

11. The combination .with a plurality of rotary cylinders, of a. reeiprocatory piston held in each of said cylinders, means for reciprocating the pistons, a shaft having an open end and held to rotate with the cylinders,

a bushing fitting within the open end of the shaft, a valve having inlet and discharge chambers arranged in the'bushing and provided with inlet and discharge ports adapted communication between said annular cham- .-bers, meansfor holding the valve stationary, and means whereby a medium may be supplied to and made to circulate around said tu e. I, l 12. The eombinationwith a casing having suitable bearings thereon, of a shaft jour naled in said bearings and rotatably held therein, a cylinder casing fixed to the shaft so as to rotate therewith and provided with a plurality of radially disposed cylinders, ahollow piston having a tapered lower end adapted'to reciprocate in each cylinder, links connected to each piston, stationary cams for imparting movement to the links, said shaft being provided with an enlarged part and an o enin extendin len thwise within.

P g a g i the same centrally thereof, a

ushing fitting within said openingof said shaft, said bushing and shaft being provided with openings in alinement with the openings in the cylinders to permit the tapered part of the a plurality adapted toreciprocate pistons to enter the same, a stationary valve provided with inlet and discharge chambers inlet and discharge ports adapted to communicate with the cylinders, and means. whereby a medium may be caused to pass through the shaft around the valve and to and around the cylinders.

13. The combination with a casing having suitable bearings thereon, of a shaft iournaled' in said bearings and rotatably held therein, a cylinder casing fixed to the shaft so as to rotate therewith and provided with of radially disposed cylinders a hollow piston having a tapered lower ehd in each cylinder, links connected to each iston, oaths for im parting movement to the links, said shaft being provided with an enlarged part and an vopening extending lengthwise within the same centrally thereof, a bushing fittin adapted to connn'unicate and within said opening, said bushing and she being provided with openings in alinement' with the openings in the cylinders to permit the tapered part of the pistons to enter the same, a 'valve provided with inlet and discharge chambers held within the bushing and provided with inlet and discharge ports with the cylinders, means whereby water may be causedto pass through the shaft around the valve and to and around the cylinders. l

. 14. The combination with suitable bearings thereon, of a shaft journaled in said bearings and rotatably held therein, acylinder casing fixed to the shaft so as to rotate therewith and providedwith' and provided with caused to a casing having cylinders.

piston having: a tapered lower" end 'and adapted 'to reciprocate in each cyliiidentrans'terse sleeves 'in-, tegral with the pistons, wrisfpins having in. the sleeves, links a plurality of cylinders. a

held to each wrist videdwith an enlargedpa'rt and an openingt extending lengthwise within the same centrally thereof, a bushing fitting within said opening, said bushing and shaft being provided with openings ;in alineinent with the openings in the, cylinders-to permit the tapered part of the pistons to ent'er'the same, a valve provided with vided'with inlet and dischargeports adapted to communicate with the cylinders, and meanswhereby a medium may be caused to pass through the shaft around the valve and to and around the cylinders. v

15. The combination with a casing having suitable hearings thereon, of a shaft journaled in said bearingsan'd rotatably held therein, shaft so as to rotate therewith and each provided with radial slots on opposite sides thereof, a piston having a tapered lower end adapted to reciprocate in each cylinder,

links connectedv to each piston and movable,

in the radial slots, stationary cams for imparting movement to the'links, said shaft being provided with an opening extending lengthwise within the same centrally thereof, a valve provided with inlet and discharge ports adapted to communicate with the cylinders, means for holding the valvesta-v tionary, and means whereby! a medium may becaused to pass through the shaft aroun the cylinders;

16.' The combination-.with a suitable sup ort having bearings thereon, of ashaft oninalcd in said bearings "and rotat'ahly held therein, a cylinder casing fixed tothe shaft 'so as to rotate therewith and provided, witha plurality of radially disposed cylinders each having r p ed substan'-.. tially thereof, a. ho, 0W piston havingaont gg d inner. end adapted to reciprocate in each,

cylinder, links movable in the radial'slot's and connected to each piston, stationary cams for imparting movement to the links,

said shaft being provided with an opening '120 trally thereof, a valve provided with inlet extending. lengthwise within" the samecom and discharge, ports held within the shaft and adapted to communicate with the cylinders, and means Wherebya medium may be 17 The combination with, a suitable-suport having bearings thereon, of "a shaft ournaled in said bearings and rotatably held therein, a plurality of inlet and discharge,- chamb'ersheld within the bushing and pro-f a plurality of cylinders fixed to'the T-sha ed slots on opposite sides pass through the shaft-around the ios radially disposed cyl-a'lto provided with radially disposed slots on opposite sides thereof, a piston having a con- ,Ligks and to each piston independently, a valve provided with inlet and discharge ports held within the shaft and adapted to communicate with the cylinders, and means for holding the valve stationary.

18. The combination with a casing havinq suitable bearings thereon, of a shaft journale in said bearings and rotatably held therein, a plurality of radially disposed cylinders rotatable with said shaft, ahollow piston having a tapered lower end adapted to reciprocate in each cylinder, links connected to each piston at the upper end thereof, stationary cams for imparting movement to the links, and eccentrically arranged with respect to the shaft,

' said shaft being provided with an opening extending lengthwise within the same centrally thereof, a bushing fitting within said opening, said bushing and shaft being provided with openings in alinement with the openings in the cylinders to permit the tapered part of the pistons to enter the same, a valve provided with inlet and discharge chambers. held within :the bushing andpro titled with inlet and discharge ports adapted to colnn'iunicate with the cylinders, means for holding the valve stationary, and means whereby water may be caused to pass through the shaft around the valve and to and around the cylinders.

19. The combination with a pluralityof cylinders each provided with a jacket forming an inclosed space around each cylinder, of a shaft rotatably held to the cylinders and provided with inlet and discharge openings lengthwise thereof, said shaft being provided with an opening lengthwise and centrally thereof, a bushing fitting in said opening in the shaft and provided with annular channels and grooves extending lengthwise and. forming a communication between said channels,'said grooves communicating with one of the channels of the shaft, means forming a con'nnunication between the chan nels of the tube and one of the cylinders,

a channel forming a communication between gone of the jacketed cylinders and one of the channels of the shaft whereby a medium maybe caused to circulate around the bushing and around the cylinders and to and through the shaft again, and a normally stationary valve arranged within the bushing and prov-ided'with inlet and discharge .ports adapted to commnicate at the proper time with the c linders.

2Q. The com ination with a plurality of inders rotatable with said shaft and cool rt and discharge openings cylinders each providell'with a jacket forming an inclosed s ace around each cylinder, of a shaft rotatab y held to'the cylinders and provided with inlet and discharge openings lengthwise thereof, said-shaft being provided with an opening 'le'ngthwiseand .centrally thereof, a bushing 'fittin in said opening in the shaft and provided with annular channels and with lengthwise grooves forming a fcmi hunication between said channels, ,said :grooves communicating with one of the channels of the shaft, means forming a communication between the channels of the bushing and one of the cylinders, means formin a communication between one of the jac eted cylinders and one of the channels of the shaft whereby water mav be caused to circulate around the bushin v and valve and aroundtlie cylinders and ,to and through the shaft a ain, a valve arranged within the tube an provided with inletand discharge ports ada ted to communicate atthe proper time wit the cylinders, and means for holdingthe valve stationary.

21.- The combination with a casing having a plurality of radially disposed cylinders each provided with a jacket forming an inclosed space around each cylinder, istons movably held in the c 'linders, a sha t held to rotate with the cy inders and provided with inlet and discharge openings lengthwise and intermediate'the ends thereof, means formin a communication between one of the channels of the shaft and one of the cylinders, and means forming a communication between one of the cylinders and one of the channels in the shaft whereby a cooling medium may be cylinders and to and through the shaft again.

22. The combination with a cylinder casing having a plurality of cylinders each pro vided with a jacket forming an inclosed space around each cylinder, of pistons movable in the cylinders, a shaft held to rotate with the cylinders and provided with inlet lengthwise thereof, and means forming a direct communication between the channels andthe shaft whereby a cooling medium may be caused to pass from within the shaft to and about the cylinders and then to and through the shaft again.

'23. The combination with a casing having a hollow base member and an inclosing cap member, of annular rim members having extensions thereon forming bearings and inter posed between the cap member and base member so that.the entire casing will be closed to adapt the base to hold the lubricant therein, of a cylinder casing having a plurality of radially disposed cylinders adapted to rotate within said casing, a shaft supported in the bearings and fixed to the cylinders, pistons held to reciprocate in the cylinders, means operated by thecams to reciprocate the pistons, and channels and openings'comcaused to circulate around the -municating With-the interiorof the easing the cylinders; pistonslield to: reciprocate in whereby" the operating parts may be i'ubrithe cylinderg meansoperated by the camsto 1,5 eated'as the cylinder easing rotates. reciprocate the pistons, and chzu uels and 24: The con'ibi-nation'with a casing having openings communicating Withihe interior of 3,-hQllOW base member and an inclosing cap the casing whereby the operating parts may "member, of annular cam members 11nvingex- I be lubricated as the cylinders rotate.

tensions thereenforming bearings and inter- 5 This specification signed and With'essed '2 posed jbetween the cap member and base I this 29th day of February A. D. 1908. 7 members?) that the entire easing will be 11' r closed t b adapt:the base to hold the lubrilbAAC PAIRICKY supported in the bearings androtating with adapted to rotate withinsaid casing, a shaft E. R. LOWENHAUIT,

cant therein, of a. plurality 0f cylinders; Witnesses:

/VM. Dm'rz. 

